空调器的有关术语
Terminology Relating to air conditioners
1、制冷量(国标GB7725规定:名义制冷量与实际制冷量允许有偏差,但实测制冷量不小于名义制冷量的92%)、热泵制热量、制冷消耗功率、制热消耗功率、除湿量、制冷剂(制冷工质)、循环风量。
1. Refrigerating capacity (according to GB 7725: the nominal refrigerating capacity is allowed to deviate from the actual refrigerating capacity, but the measured refrigerating capacity is not less than 92% of the nominal refrigerating capacity), heating capacity of heat pump, refrigerating consumption power, heating consumption power, dehumidification capacity, refrigerant (refrigerant) and circulating air capacity.
2、干湿球温度:国标GB7725规定,测试制冷量的工况(工作状况参数)条件是,室内干球温度为27℃,湿球温度为19.5℃,室外干球温度为35℃,湿球温度为24℃。
2. Dry and wet bulb temperature: according to the national standard GB7725, the working condition (working condition parameter) for testing the refrigerating capacity is that the indoor dry bulb temperature is 27 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is 19.5 ℃, the outdoor dry bulb temperature is 35 ℃, and the wet bulb temperature is 24 ℃.
3、露点温度:湿空气开始凝露为水时的温度。其与空气的相对湿度有密切关系,若相对湿度越大,其露点就越高,物体表面也就越容易凝露。
3. Dew point temperature: the temperature when the wet air begins to condense into water. It is closely related to the relative humidity of the air. If the relative humidity is higher, the dew point will be higher, and the surface of the object will be easier to condense.
4、蒸发温度:制冷剂在蒸发器内蒸发时的温度,也是制冷剂对应于蒸发压力的饱和温度。它对制冷效率影响较大,它每降低1度,制取同样的冷量需增加功率4%,所以在条件许可的情况下,适当提高蒸发温度,对提高空调器制冷效率是有利的。家用空调器的蒸发温度一般比空调出风口温度低5~10度,正常运行时,蒸发温度在5~12度,出风温度在10~20度。
4. Evaporation temperature: the temperature at which the refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator, which is also the saturation temperature of the refrigerant corresponding to the evaporation pressure. It has a great influence on the refrigeration efficiency. Every time it reduces 1 degree, it needs to increase 4% of the power to produce the same cooling capacity. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditioner by properly increasing the evaporation temperature when the conditions permit. The evaporation temperature of the household air conditioner is generally 5-10 degrees lower than the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner. In normal operation, the evaporation temperature is 5-12 degrees and the air outlet temperature is 10-20 degrees.
5、吸气温度:是指压缩机吸气入口处的气体温度,也称为回气温度。制冷剂在蒸发器中不能充分蒸发,就会产生吸气温度过低,吸气温度过低会造成吸气口附近凝露或结霜。当制冷剂充注量不足时,通过节流器的制冷剂循环量太小或回气管路太长、管径太小时,均会造成吸气温度升高。吸气温度一般不可超过35度,过高的吸气温度会造成压缩机消耗功率增大、制冷量减少、排气温度升高等问题。在家用空调器制冷系统中,回气温度一般略高于蒸发温度,其温差约为5~12度。
5. Suction temperature: refers to the gas temperature at the suction inlet of the compressor, also known as the return temperature. If the refrigerant can not be fully evaporated in the evaporator, the suction temperature will be too low, which will cause condensation or frost near the suction port. When the refrigerant charge is insufficient, if the refrigerant circulation through the restrictor is too small or the return pipeline is too long and the pipe diameter is too small, the suction temperature will increase. Generally, the suction temperature should not exceed 35 ℃. Too high suction temperature will cause problems such as the increase of compressor power consumption, the decrease of refrigeration capacity and the rise of exhaust temperature. In the refrigeration system of household air conditioner, the temperature of return gas is generally slightly higher than that of evaporation, and the temperature difference is about 5 ~ 12 ℃.
6、排气温度:是指压缩机排气出口处的气体温度。排气温度与吸气温度、压缩机的压缩比等有关。压缩比不变,吸气温度高,排气温度也高。吸气温度不变,压缩比越大,排气温度也高。家用空调排气温度不宜超过115度,否则会影响空调的制冷效果。
6. Exhaust temperature: refers to the gas temperature at the outlet of the compressor. Exhaust temperature is related to suction temperature and compression ratio of compressor. Compression ratio is constant, suction temperature is high, exhaust temperature is also high. The higher the compression ratio, the higher the exhaust temperature. The exhaust temperature of household air conditioner should not exceed 115 degrees, otherwise it will affect the refrigeration effect of air conditioner.
7、性能系数:制热时称为性能系数(COP),制冷时称为能效比(EER),它是指制热(冷)量与所耗功率的比率,它与空调器的工作参数、制冷剂等因素有关。
7. Performance coefficient: it is called performance coefficient (COP) when heating, and energy efficiency ratio (EER) when cooling. It refers to the ratio of heating (cooling) amount to consumed power, which is related to the working parameters of air conditioner, refrigerant and other factors.
8、单位重量制冷量:也称为能重比,是指空调器每消耗1千克原材料所能产生的制冷量,单位是W/kg。能重比高的空调器,说明产生同等制冷量空调器所消耗的原材料少、成本低,也反映了产品制造工艺的水平。
8. Refrigerating capacity per unit weight: also known as energy weight ratio, it refers to the refrigerating capacity generated by the air conditioner for every 1kg of raw materials consumed, and the unit is w / kg. The air conditioner with high energy weight ratio shows that it consumes less raw materials and costs less to produce the air conditioner with the same refrigerating capacity, which also reflects the level of product manufacturing process.